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Background: Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). It has been observed before cutaneous involvement (Early SSc,eSS) or Scleroderma sine scleroderma (ssSSc). Objectives: This study aims to establish the prevalence of ILD in eSS and ssSS patients and explore potential risk factors associated within a Colombian population. Methods: We analyzed data from a cohort of SSc patients at a university hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. Patients with cutaneous sclerosis (Rodnan >0) were excluded. Patients meeting the 2013 ACR/EULAR classification criteria were categorized as "ssSSc," while those meeting the VEDOSS criteria were categorized as "eSS." Group comparisons were made, and chest tomography images and pulmonary function tests were reviewed to ascertain the presence and severity of ILD. We determined the proportion of ILD patients and evaluated potential risk factors associated with these two populations. Results: Out of a total of 353 patients, we found that 80 (22.6%) had "eSS," and 51 (14.4%) had "ssSSc." Table 1 describes the population's characteristics and differences between these groups. The proportion of patients with ILD was 32% in the eSS and 27% in the ssSSc group, with extensive involvement (>20%) in 7.5% of patients. No significant relationship was found between gender, duration of Raynaud's phenomenon, digital ulcers, telangiectasias, or other clinical variables and the presence of ILD. It was observed that the type of antibody was associated with ILD, with an odds ratio (OR) for SCL-70 of 16.1 (95% CI: 1.6-160) for eSS and 16.5 (95% CI: 1.6-168) for ssSSc. Conversely, the presence of anticentromere antibodies conferred a protective effect, with an OR of 0.22 (95% CI: 0.1-0.63) and 0.18 (95% CI: 0.39-0.88), respectively. No relationship was found with ANAs in patterns other than centromere. Conclusion: ILD occurs in approximately one-third of patients, even in those at early stages of the disease or without cutaneous involvement. The primary risk factor appears to be the presence of SCL-70 antibodies, while anticentromere antibodies act as protective factors. REFERENCES: 1 Gabriele Valentini, Giovanna Cuomo, Giuseppina Abignano. Early systemic sclerosis: assessment of clinical and pre-clinical organ involvement in patients with different disease features. Rheumatology 2011;50:317–323. Table 1. Describes the population's characteristics and differences between groups Acknowledgements: NIL. Disclosure of Interests: LUIS JAVIER CAJAS SANTANA Boehringer, Pfizer, Novartis, Jannsen, Maria Carolina Torres Villarreal: None declared.
Santana et al. (Sat,) studied this question.