Current concepts in scoliosis treatment

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional spine deformity characterized by a lateral curve of at least 10 degrees in the frontal plane, a vertebral rotation in the axial plane and an alteration of the natural curves in the sagittal plane. Untreated curves can lead to the development of secondary pathologies such as back pain, cardiopulmonary dysfunctions as well as body image perception disorders with repercussions on social life. The management of scoliosis rests on several principles such as evaluation and monitoring over time of the evolution of the curve, physiotherapy, bracing and surgical correction. The aim of the paper is to highlight the current approach both conservative and surgical to various forms of scoliosis.