Design of a Low-cost Extruder for Large Scale Additive Manufacturing with Earth-based Pastes

This research explores the potential of earth construction as a low-carbon solution for large-scale additive manufacturing in the global south. Existing expensive printing technologies for earth-based structures limit their application in economically challenged regions. To address this, the study proposes and tests a low-cost extruder design using a paint/mortar mixer powertool, a metal hopper, and a 3D printed nozzle. The extruder is mounted on a CNC manipulator for precise control. Printing tests demonstrate the reliability of the design. The findings show that the low-cost extruder is a viable and sustainable option for large-scale printing, significantly reducing construction costs. By promoting the use of earth-based pastes, the research contributes to more environmentally friendly construction practices, aiding in mitigating the construction industry's environmental impact in the long run.