Outcome of Pulmonary Complications after Hematopoietic stem cell transplantations

Background Pulmonary complications (PCs) are common and often lethal in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. Aim of Work to evaluate incidence, types, diagnostic procedures used, risk factors, and outcome of PCs in cohort of HSCT recipients. Patients and Methods This study conducted prospectively on 80 HSCT recipients at Bone marrow transplantation unit, Ain-Shams University Hospitals during the period between January 2018 and March 2020. Results For patients suffering from a pulmonary complication, a diagnostic algorithm was performed. We identified 14 pulmonary complications in 80 patients: 12 (85.7%) were infections; 2 (14.28%) were non- infectious complications inform of engraftment syndrome and pulmonary embolism. 50% of infections were mixed, the most common bacterial pathogen was mycoplasma pneumonia, reported as isolated organism in 4 cases (28.57%) and mixed with other bacterial infections in 3 cases (21.42%), overall mortality was 21.43%. Conclusion 17.5% of HSCT recipients develop PCs within 1 year of transplant. Most of the complications are infections.