Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activity

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are potent for fighting antimicrobial resistance independently.This study aimed to prepare AgNPs using ginger (Z.officinale) rhizome extracts and to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of these AgNPs against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli.AgNPs were synthesized using ginger rhizome extracts and further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDAX).Disc and agar well diffusion techniques were utilized to determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of plant extracts and AgNPs.The crystalline structure of ZO-Ag-NPs was displayed in the XRD analysis.SEM analysis revealed the surface morphology.The EDAX analysis also confirmed the element of silver.It was revealed that AgNPs were seemingly spherical in morphology.The biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited complete antibacterial activity against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains.This study indicates that AgNPs of ginger extracts exhibit potent, antibacterial, antifungal activity and antibiotic resistance against bacterial strains.