Bio-mimicry in architecture: An explorative review of innovative solution toward sustainable buildings

Bio-mimicry is the imitation of the way nature solves problems. Architects and designers can utilize the ways nature follows to solve and address design problems. This science has helped humans in all life’s aspects, especially in the field of architecture. From the dawn of history, people constructed special buildings to suit their needs. At first, the building process was hard, and the structure was simple and rigid with rough details and they kept repeating the same form. Therefore, architects have been searching for answers for their building complexes, and they found that nature was the best source of solutions. The structures then took different forms, were decorated with deep and graceful ornaments, the walls became thinner, more openings were constructed and the buildings became more beautiful and had more dignity. So, nature imitation has become the best approach for architects to deliver bold ideas to their surroundings. We can still see how the ancient unique buildings are standing still until this time, as in some Egyptian temples, Greek and Roman columns, and Byzantine ornaments. Imitation of nature in buildings is either through aesthetic, structural, or sustainability aspects. In this research, we are exploring the potential of Bio-mimicry to support sustainability, using a number of case studies throughout history, classifying and analyzing them.