Prevalence and associated factors of gestational diabetes mellitus: A multicenter, cross-sectional study in mekong delta region

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the Mekong Delta region. A multicenter, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 1727 pregnant women undergoing oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) at 4 major central hospitals of 4 provinces in the Mekong Delta region from 06/2017 to 06/2022. Results: Among 1727 pregnant women undergoing OGTT, the overall prevalence of GDM is 17.1% (296/1727), and the prevalence in 4 provinces ranges from 15.4 to 19.0%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed 10 associated factors increasing the risk of GDM, including maternal age ≥ 25, Kinh ethnicity, urban residence, lower than high school education, family history of diabetes in the first generation, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, weight gain ≥ 12kg, history of miscarriage, history of delivering babies ≥ 4000g, and prior GDM history (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM in the Mekong Delta region is nearly 1/5 of pregnant women, so screening for GDM should be routinely conducted for all pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, particularly those with risk factors associated with an increased risk of GDM.