Magnesium Sulfide Nanoparticles of Hordeum vulgare: Green Synthesis and their Nano-nutrient Impact on Seed Priming Effect, Germination, Root and Shoot Length of Brassica nigra and Trigonella foenum-graecum

This work describes the green synthesis of magnesium sulfide nanoparticles (MgS NPs) using an extract from Hordeum vulgare leaves and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The MgS NPs generated were spherical and had a high level of purity. They had a band gap of 2.0 eV, a uniform distribution and an average crystal size of 14 nm. The synthesized MgS nanoparticles exhibited several geometrical morphologies, including spherical, rod-shaped and bean-shaped structures. The nanoparticles exhibited an average size of 5 nm with a band gap of precisely 4.85 eV. The efficacy of MgS NPs on Brassica nigra and Trigonella foenum-graecum for seed priming, germination rate and time, root length and shoot length has also been assessed using different doses. The optimal germination occurs at concentrations of 15 mg/100 mL and 20 mg/100 mL, while the germination is impeded when the concentration exceed 30 mg/100 mL. The MgS NPs exhibit a diminutive size and high reactivity, which allows them to augment the water absorption and nutrient control capacities of seeds. Consequently, this promotes the germination process and plant growth by decreasing the average duration of germination. Seeds of Brassica nigra and Trigonella foenum-graecum that had been subjected to treatment with MgS NPs had enhanced average root and shoot lengths, as well as accelerated germination. This study suggests several possibilities for using environmental friendly nanotechnology to improve agricultural practices.