Time dependent effect of Chitosan nanoparticles used as final irrigant on smear layer removal and dentine microhardness in extracted human permanent mandibular premolars with single canal. A randomized in vitro study.

Abstract The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of chitosan nanoparticle and EDTA solutions as final irrigants on smear layer removal and dentine microhardness for one and three minutes contact time in extracted human permanent mandibular premolars with single canal.