Reconstruction of the Path of Balancing Interests between Investors and Host Countries in International Investment Agreements

International investment agreements (IIAs) are designed as key tools to promote cross-border direct investment and protect investors.However, these agreements often fail to balance the relationship between investor rights and host country development needs.Focus on how to find a new balance between promoting analytical framework of law and economics, comprehensively consider international law, economic theory and empirical data, and critically evaluate existing international investment agreements from the three dimensions of investor protection standards, dispute settlement mechanisms and agreement flexibility.In response to these issues, a series of reform recommendations were put forward, including introducing differentiated investor protection standards, improving the dispute settlement mechanism to increase its transparency and fairness, and increasing the flexibility of the agreement to adapt to the development levels of different countries.