Venous malformations are the result of errors in endothelial cell morphogenesis, causing disorganized angiogenesis and intimal smooth muscle proliferation. (1) This results in the formation of dilated networks of venous lakes that are hemodynamically non-functional. (1,2) Depending on location, they may go unnoticed for years prior to presentation, and range from asymptomatic superficial varicosities to large deforming craniofacial lesions. The management of venous malformation will depend on the localization and expansion of the malformation, and there are multiple therapeutic approaches: sclerotherapy, surgery, and medical management. Lasers, another modality for treating VMs. we report two casesof success with the Nd Yag laser in the treatment ofsuperficialvenous malformations the oral mucosa.
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Zineb et al. (2024) studied this question.
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