Optimizing 400kV Bus Bar Performance for Enhanced Reliability and Voltage Dip Reduction

The electrical grid in Iraq is dealing with increased demand due to expansion and climate change effects, notably at the 400 KV voltage level. This has led to lower bus bar voltages and reliability issues. To understand these challenges, a research study was conducted using the PSSE and ETAP software to analyze network reliability, including fault frequencies and failure rates across various timeframes. In the SMWCC/24401 area of the southern city, solar panels were used to link the bus rails. The research aimed at enhancing the bus bars' dependability, calculating the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) and System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) for three voltage scenarios, and assessing the Expected Energy Not Supplied (EENS) for each scenario based on voltage and power line connection changes Index Terms Photovoltaic (PV) power systems, Reliability of composite systems, Reliability modeling of PV systems.