Theoretical Approaches to Determining Ukraine's Place in Modern International Economic Exchange

The article noted that the dominant role in the economy is closely related to globalization, which, on the one hand, accelerates the international exchange of technologies and resources, promotes the development of international trade, and on the other hand - sharpens competition on the world market, gradually displacing it from the sphere of material goods and services to the world of knowledge, ideas and information. This changes the nature and role of industrial policy, which is increasingly subordinated to the task of developing a clear innovation strategy aimed at creating an effective infrastructure using the latest communication and information technologies. It is substantiated that basic economic categories form the basis of economic policy in the formation of international economic relations. Attention is focused on the need for further scientific influence of international trade and economic relations on the economic development of Ukraine. It is noted that the historical-institutional approach to the study of economic processes and phenomena in their unity, interdependence and interaction with other, non-economic spheres of economic life, in genetic-hereditary development should be the basis of the methodology of the retrospective study of the inclusion of the economy of Ukraine in the system of international economic relations. Factors that determine horizontal (network) and vertical (hierarchical) connections between elements of the world economic system are given. Among such factors, historical-cultural and socio-political factors occupy a prominent place along with technical-economic and organizational-spatial ones. The basic economic categories that form the basis of economic policy in the formation of international economic relations of the Ukrainian economy are highlighted. It is substantiated that the European Union is one of the potential superpowers. The main distinguishing features of European integration mechanisms are given. The main results of Ukraine's inclusion in the system of international economic exchange are revealed. It is justified that the economy remains the sphere that forces politicians and state leaders to act in one direction or another. This is expressed in the development of a model of the country's economic policy, which largely affects the behavior of business entities, the development of the main areas of activity and strategy.