Study of risk factors for acute coronary syndrome in young people

Abstract Background Acute coronary syndrome is a condition in which there is a lack of blood supply and oxygen to the heart muscle, due to blockage or narrowing of the coronary arteries, which leads to a mismatch between the supply and demand of oxygen. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to a group of conditions that include ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina. It is a type of coronary heart disease (CHD), which is responsible for one-third of total deaths in people older than 35. Research Materials and Methods A retrospective cohort study (COHORT) was conducted On a random group of patients from January 2018 to January 2023. The research approval (CV 8093) was given by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Syria. Results The sample included 250 patients, of which 20 were excluded, leaving us with 230 cases on which research and statistics were conducted. 19.1% were females and 80.9% were males. Participants are classified into three groups, with the age group (36 – 40) years representing the majority 71.7%. Patients with coronary disease were divided into 3 categories according to the disease type. Research and statistics showed that 60.9% of them presented with unstable angina. The results showed that the largest percentage of patients suffering from unstable angina were from the age group 36-40 years, at a rate of 63.6%, and the relationship was statistically significant (p-value=0.01). Conclusion It is necessary to hold medical seminars on coronary heart diseaseand explain the difference between its types.