Urban spatial sustainability landscape planning and design: A study on solving flood disasters in low-lying urban areas based on simulated natural drainage system

This study explores the use of simulated natural drainage systems for sustainable urban landscape planning to address flood disasters in low-lying urban areas. Traditional drainage methods lack sustainability, whereas simulated natural drainage systems, such as green infrastructure, rain gardens, and wetland parks, can enhance urban flood resilience and environmental quality through scientific design and strategic layout. In San Francisco, the issue of flood disasters in low-lying areas has become increasingly severe, with traditional drainage systems struggling to effectively manage flood risks under extreme weather conditions. This study employs R programming to simulate natural drainage systems, evaluating their effectiveness in mitigating flood disasters and improving ecological environments. By utilizing rainfall data, topographic data, and drainage system data from San Francisco, a simplified hydrological model was constructed to calculate catchment areas and runoff, simulating the effects of natural drainage systems. Results indicate that natural drainage systems significantly reduce flood risks and enhance ecological benefits. The findings provide urban planners with new flood management strategies, emphasizing the importance of integrated management and systemic thinking, and highlight the future potential for widespread application in urban planning. By integrating landscape design with water resource management principles, this study proposes a systematic solution validated through case studies in different cities, demonstrating its feasibility and effectiveness. This research offers new insights and methods for urban flood control engineering and landscape planning, contributing to enhanced urban disaster resilience and improved urban living environments. The simulation of natural drainage systems facilitates sustainable urban development, providing valuable references for the advancement of sustainable urban landscape planning.