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ABSTRACT: Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, born on May 28, 1883, left an indelible mark on Indian politics, activism, and literature. Renowned for his courage and intellect, he spearheaded the ideology of Hindutva, laying the groundwork for Hindu nationalism. His journey into political activism began in his youth, where he co-founded the clandestine ‘Abhinava Bharat Society’ with his brother. Studying law in the United Kingdom, Savarkar immersed himself in organizations like India House and the Free India Society, advocating for India’s complete independence through revolutionary means. His publication, “The Indian War of Independence,” which depicted the 1857 Rebellion, faced the censorship of British authorities, a testament to its radical message. Despite enduring imprisonment in the Cellular Jail of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Savarkar’s spirit remained unbroken. His release in 1924 marked a shift in his approach, with Savarkar choosing a more diplomatic path, albeit without abandoning his principles. Advocating Hindu unity and political empowerment, he rose as a prominent orator and writer, advocating for India as a Hindu Rashtra. In the turbulent times of World War II, Savarkar’s stance diverged from that of Gandhi’s Congress, as he aligned with the Hindu Mahasabha’s alliances and urged Indians to support the British war effort. However, his legacy is not devoid of controversy, as he faced allegations in the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi, though ultimately acquitted. Despite differing opinions on his methods and ideologies, Savarkar’s contributions to Indian nationalism and his role in shaping the nation’s history are undeniable, earning him the title “Veer” among his followers. KEYWORDS: Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Hindu Nationalism, Political Activism, Abhinava Bharat Society, Veer.
ABHINABA MUKHERJEE (Tue,) studied this question.