Analysis of smallholder broiler farmers’ awareness, adaptation and mitigation measures to climate change crisis in northern region of Jordan

Broiler farming faces increasing challenges due to climate change, especially among broiler farmers in sensitive areas in northern Jordan. This study aimed to assess smallholder broiler farmers' awareness of climate change, identify their adaptation and mitigation responses, and analyse the demographic factors and farm characteristics that influence these responses. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire among 87 farmers in four northern governorates. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis. Results demonstrated that farmers have a very high awareness of climate change (96.6%). The highest average scores were recorded for signs (4.89 out of 5), constraints (4.77), causes (4.38), and evidence (4.26). Despite high awareness, mitigation and adaptation practices were limited, with 3.55 and 3.35 out of 5, respectively. The most commonly used practices included installing cooling equipment and reducing overcrowding. The most significant constraints were the spread of diseases (4.91), high cost of vaccines (4.90), and feed (4.88). Significant correlations were found between educational level and the implementation of climate change responses, as well as between farm size and those responses. In conclusion, despite the high awareness of climate change and its impacts among farmers in Jordan, the implementation of adaptation and mitigation strategies remains limited.