Early diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki Disease: A case report

Introduction: Kawasaki Disease is an acute febrile illness primarily affecting children under the age of five. Kawasaki Disease presents challenges in diagnosis and management due to its diverse clinical manifestations and potentially serious complications. Hence, this case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki Disease towards the patient’s outcome. Case Illustration: A 3 year 9-month-old female infant visited the hospital with fever, a swollen left neck-cheek area, intermittent coughs and a sore throat. On the third day, the patient presents themselves once again with the fever and swollen neck not subsided, and redness on both eyes. The patient was then admitted into the hospital for observation of Incomplete Kawasaki Disease with initial treatment of IV Antipyretics and Antibiotics. On the fourth day, the patient began to experience rash on her extremities with a Harada score of 4/7. On the fifth day, no echocardiography could be done due to instrument availability but diagnosis stood with typical Kawasaki Disease from a clinical perspective. The patient was then started on acetylsalicylic acid and IVIG Immunoglobulin. The patient recovered well clinically over the next few days and an echocardiography was done 2 weeks post-treatment. The results showed that there were no signs of coronary aneurysms nor abnormal heart structures. Conclusion: After early recognition and treatment of Kawasaki Disease, there was a swift clinical improvement and no detected complications. Kawasaki Disease should be considered following a fever of 5 days with clinical signs for prompt treatment to prevent complications.