Statokinetic stability in athletes of different nosological groups

Relevance: Researchers have shown that the characteristics of postural control in open-eyed children with visual impairment were higher than in sighted children, and these data are also associated with physical activity in their free time and the age at which they started playing sports. It is possible that people with visual or hearing impairments are more effective at maintaining balance, which may explain why they achieve similar or better results in posture control tasks compared to their normally developed peers. The aim of the study is to study the features of the statokinetic stability of athletes of three nosological groups: with hearing impairment, with visual impairment and with intellectual disabilities. Methods and organization of research. The method of stabilometry was used: the ST-150 stability platform and the STPL program. The area of the statokinesiogram (S, mm2); the average velocity of displacement of the pressure center (V, mm/s) and the energy consumption coefficient (Ke, conl. units) were studied. The results of the study and their discussion. When analyzing intra-group changes in athletes with hearing impairment, a significant deterioration in the function of static equilibrium was found in the test with closed eyes, which is typical for athletes with intellectual disabilities, but the results in the test with open eyes in these athletes are significantly better than in athletes with hearing impairment. Athletes with hearing impairment and athletes with intellectual disabilities have a pronounced forward asymmetry. In the sagittal plane, athletes with visual impairment have a pronounced asymmetry to the left. Normally balanced control revailed among athletes with hearing impairment. Normally balanced and proprioceptive control was revealed in athletes with visual impairment. Visual control prevailed among athletes with intellectual disabilities. The best statistical stability was revealed in athletes with intellectual disabilities, compared with athletes of the studied nosologies. Conclusions. Thus, the features of the statokinetic stability of athletes with hearing impairment, visual impairment and intellectual disabilities were revealed.