Numerical simulation and stability analysis of radiative magnetized hybridized ferrofluid flow with acute magnetic force over shrinking/stretching surface

The power electrical devices are being continuously trimmed down and must disperse a greater amount of heat flux, overheating has become a significant issue. Ferrofluids, also known as magnetic nanofluids, consist of solid magnetic nanoparticles that exhibit superior thermal conductivity compared to their underlying fluids, which can be either aqueous or oil based. This facilitates increased rates of convective heat transfer, but more importantly, it allows for external flow modification using a magnetic field. This work is unique in that it analyses hybridized ferrofluid flow over a shrinking/stretching surface with radiative magnetization and significant magnetic force. The governing equations were solved using the bvp4c function in MATLAB, after being transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using similarity transformations. The system acquires a bimodal solution, and stability analysis validates the physical and dynamic stability of the first solution. The local skin friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, the temperature and velocity profiles, and the substantial influence of governing effects are all studied and graphically displayed. The key findings are the values of are decreasing for both second and first solutions as values of are increasing. An increasing trend for the values of is observed for both second and first solutions as values of increases. The results compareded with the results reported in literature and found a significant agreement.