International regulations as well as strong market demand for zero-emission transport call for a radical change in the shipping industry. One very promising zero-emission propulsion system for shipping is wind propulsion. In this context, the EU-funded Orcelle Wind project (https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101096673) aims at using wind as the main source of ship propulsion and to demonstrate the effectiveness and viability of Wind Assisted Propulsion Systems (WAPS) by a retrofitting and new building demonstrator. In this paper, we explore the effect of wing sails on the concept design of a VLCC tanker in the frame of a newly parametric ship design optimization procedure.
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Plessas et al. (2024) studied this question.
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