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Continuous-time quantum walks provide an alternative method for quantum search problems. Most earlier studies confirmed that quadratic speedup exists in some synthetic Hamiltonians, but whether there is quadratic speedup in real physical systems remains elusive. Here, we investigate three physical systems with long-range atom-atom interaction which are possibly good candidates for realizing the quantum search, including one-dimensional atom arrays either trapped in an optical lattice or coupled to a waveguide near the band edge or dispersively coupled to a good cavity. We find that all three systems can provide a near-optimal quantum search if there is no dissipation. However, if the dissipation is considered, only the latter two systems (i.e., waveguide-QED and cavity-QED systems) can still have high success probabilities because they can significantly enhance the atom-atom interaction even if they are far apart and the spectra gap can be much larger, which can reduce the search time and the effects of dissipation significantly. Our studies here can provide helpful instructions for realizing quantum search in real physical systems in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era.
Xing et al. (Thu,) studied this question.