Management of pharyngocutaneous fistula following laryngectomy with autologous fat graft: A case report and literature review

Laryngocutaneous fistula (LCF) is a serious complication following total laryngectomy, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and treatment costs. Management is complex, with potential for recurrence after surgical intervention. We present a case of LCF that developed following laryngectomy. Initial conservative treatment failed to resolve the fistula. A pectoralis major myofascial flap was then attempted, but the fistula recurred. Finally, autologous fat grafting was performed with excellent results. Conservative management should be the first-line approach for LCF, as most cases respond favorably. However, if the fistula persists, alternative methods should be explored to achieve optimal outcomes. Our case highlights the importance of not persisting with a failed approach. Autologous fat grafting offers a promising alternative with demonstrably positive outcomes. Laryngocutaneous fistula presents a significant challenge in post-laryngectomy care. Surgical repair can be complex with potential complications. Our case demonstrates the effectiveness of autologous fat grafting as a successful treatment modality.