Personalization of E-Learning: Future Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges

Electronic learning (e-learning) has become one of the most influential trends in providing enhanced and easily accessible learning to users. However, in contrast to traditional e-learning systems that offer uniform content to all learners, personalized learning systems tailor educational materials and assessments to individual learners, ensuring a customized learning experience. Personalizing e-learning through artificial intelligence (AI) is beneficial in today’s diverse environment, where beginners can tailor the learning experience to suit their preferences and requirements. This paper focuses on the personalization of e-learning, exploring future trends, opportunities, and challenges through an in-depth survey of recent literature on the personalization of e-learning technologies such as extended reality (XR), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). Findings identify and propose that such tools should be included in curricula that support e-learning through personalized, adaptive, and delivery models.