A novel and computer assisted electrochemical biosensor for determination of thyroglobulin to detect thyroid cancer treatment success

In this work, a novel electrochemical thyroglobulin (Tg) biosensor was fabricated based on modification of a glassy carbon electrode with chitin-ionic liquid (Ch-IL) and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). Surface of the Au NPs/Ch-IL/GCE was investigated and optimized by the image processing method. Drop-casting of the Ch-IL was performed onto the surface of Au NPs/Ch-IL/GCE to fabricate Ch-IL/Au NPs/Ch-IL/GCE. Then, sortilin (ST) was immobilized onto its surface by the use of glutaraldehyde. Biosensing of Tg in the range of Tg in the range of 0.1 to 8.5 fM was based on its interaction with the ST and change in hydrodynamic differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) response of the biosensor. The second-order calibration methods by U-PLS/RBL, N-PLS/RBL, MCR-ALS and PARAFAC2 were used to determination of Tg in the presence of thyroxine and triiodothyronine as uncalibrated interference, and our results confirmed the best performance was observed for exploiting second-order advantage by PARAFAC2 (sensitivity: 2.8 μA/fM, selectivity: 0.49, inverse of analytical sensitivity: 0.11 fM−1, limit of detection: 0.01fM) which was used to determination of Tg in human serum samples the presence of triiodothyronine and thyroxine as uncalibrated interference with the aim of detection of thyroid cancer treatment success. The ST/Ch-IL/Au NPs/Ch-IL/GCE assisted by PARAFAC2 was an excellent electronic device for medical diagnostic purposes.