Application of response surface methodology for optimization of reactive black 5 removal by gelatin beads containing TTAB modified montmorillonite clay

An alternative biosorbent for adsorbing Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye was developed using a biocomposite bead composed of tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium-modified montmorillonite embedded in a gelatin matrix. The adsorbent's properties were analyzed through gas sorption analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and determination of the point of zero charge. These analyses highlighted enhanced adsorption capabilities for RB5. Optimizing key variables such as contact time, initial dye concentration, and temperature using the Box-Behnken design method, resulted in an optimal dye uptake of 62.15 mg/g. This suggests that the hybrid bead effective in removing anionic dyes from contaminated water.