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Immunologic markers as indicators of imaging profiles. A, Linear regression of MFI values of HLA-DR TME-TAMs and the counts of CD163/FKBP51s PB-TAMs versus CCI (upper images). T2 FLAIR and (lower images) T1 with gadolinium on the sagittal plane, passing through the CC. No alteration of the CC signal in the left images. The right images show the infiltration of the anterior trunk of the CC (arrows). B, Linear regression of tumor HLA-DR expression and ADC. Representative ADC maps of left hemispheric GBMs. The signal of the solid tumor component appears hyperintense in a GBM of the frontoparietal lobe in the left hemisphere (right, high ADC value), low intense signal in a GBM of the temporal lobe of the right hemisphere (left, low ADC value). C, Correlation of TV versus HLA-DR brightness of TME-TAMs or versus counts of PD-L1 TME-TAMs. Axial T1w images after gadolinium show on the left a GBM with a small focal area of enhancement in the left frontal lobe (small TV). In contrast, the image on the right shows a GBM with an extensive enhancement area in the right frontal lobe (large TV). D, Correlation of NS with tumor PD-L1 expression and counts of PD-L1/FKBP51s PB-TAMs. T1w axial images after gadolinium: (left) frontal GBM in the right hemisphere shows vivid enhancement, which spares only small necrotic areas (NS: 1); (right), GBM in the frontoparietal lobe of the left hemisphere shows predominantly peripheral gadolinium enhancement with a large central necrotic component (NS: 3).
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Giordano et al. (2024) studied this question.
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