Battery Crash Simulation in ANSYS LS-DYNA

Nowadays, lithium-ion batteries are considered as the most efficient source of power for electric vehicles (EVs).With the increasing utilization of EVs, the requirements for higher performance, lower weight and improved safety are also growing.These demands can be fulfilled by an improved battery design, which consists of decreased battery frame mass or higher number of battery cells.However, with these improvements come several negative aspects, such as higher risk of battery frame intrusion or lower heat dissipation due to reduction of space between the cells.Due to these factors, the risk of battery damage is rising, thus it is crucial to predict and better understand the behavior of the battery cells during critical situations, such as vehicle crash.Ansys LS-DYNA is a useful tool for the evaluation of battery cells during abusive scenarios.It offers the creation of multi-physics model that is able to predict coupled mechanical, electrical and thermal responses.This model is sufficient for the assessment of battery cell response to short-circuit, which can lead to uncontrollable, self-heating state called thermal runaway.This state poses the greatest safety risk for Li-Ion batteries.This paper focuses on risk assessment of traction battery during crash and overcharging simulations.