Data Model of Components of Complex Technical Systems Based on Semantic Networks

The article addresses the problem of ontological modeling of technical objects characterized by complex multi-level structure, diverse functional properties, and significant volume of accompanying documentation. A method for representing the subject domain in the form of an ontology that integrates data about objects, their constituent elements, and connections with technical instructions and drawings is proposed. Based on the developed ontological scheme, a graph database has been built that provides efficient search, storage, and processing of knowledge, as well as multi-user access support considering user rights. To formalize the model properties, the mathematical apparatus of graph theory and ontological relations has been applied, which allowed describing the patterns of system construction and functioning. The work performs a comparative analysis of advantages and disadvantages of existing approaches to knowledge organization, determines the place and novelty of the proposed model in the context of modern research. Experimental results confirmed the advantages of using graph databases for working with technical information, particularly increased performance in executing search queries and reduced costs for data updates. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of using the developed model for automated support of the lifecycle of complex technical systems, including stages of operation, maintenance, and modernization. The obtained results create a foundation for further implementation of intelligent knowledge processing technologies in the field of engineering and technical operation.