Phytochemical study and biological activity of the bark of the plant species araticum bravo (Annona tomentosa RE Fr.)

Annona tomentosa RE Fr. (Annonaceae), known in Brazil as Araticum-bravo or Araticum de moita, is a small tree found throughout Brazilian territory, mainly in coastal areas, its distribution is discontinuous, appearing in open fields, in savanna of shrub trees and in the cerradão, where the vegetation is denser. All parts of this vegetable are used in folk medicine, it has been used mainly to combat diarrhea, stomatitis, headache, neuralgia, boils, ulcers and to eradicate lice as well as anti-rheumatic. Based on data obtained by bibliographical survey, this work sought information of a chemical nature, through phytochemical and microbiological screening through antimicrobial activity tests. In the phytochemical screening, the presence of substances belonging to the classes of phenols, tannins, anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, flavonoids, xanthones saponins, triterpene steroids and alkaloids were confirmed. Confirmation for alkaloids was performed by chromatoplates. Standard strains (ATCC) of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus 25923, Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27853, Escherichia coli 35218, Klebsiella pneumoniae 700603 were used for the evaluation of antimicrobial activity. Clinical isolates of Acinectobacter were used in the microbiological tests. baumannii and the fungus Candida albicans . The antimicrobial potential of the extract was analyzed using the drilling technique in Müller Hinton medium, the results demonstrated that the A. tomentosa peels have a growth inhibitory potential on the Gram-positive bacterium, S. aureus , and on clinical microorganisms with emphasis on for A. baumanni with halo formation (20 mm) respectively.