Anatomy of the brain and brain ventricles: 3D models for the blind

The study of the anatomy and physiology of the human body is an integral part of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), and is therefore fundamental content for developing understanding about the structure and functioning of the body itself. Therefore, it is necessary to guarantee quality access for all students to this knowledge. Students in general have difficulty understanding internal structures that are not visualized. In relation to the blind, this difficulty becomes even greater. Thus, the objective of this project was to develop 3D teaching models of the brain and its internal structures, the brain ventricles, in order to include visually impaired students in regular classrooms. The models were obtained in STL format and opened using free CAM software. In total, ten three-dimensional models were produced with texture (for blind individuals) and painting with strong, contrasting colors (for individuals with low vision). QR Codes were also created, using the Canva website, with links to two videos inserted on the YouTube platform containing explanatory audios about the structure and functioning of the brain and ventricles. Part of the models were incorporated into the collection of the UNESP Botucatu Anatomy Museum and part was delivered to the partner school for use in the resource room. After finalizing the material, a visit was scheduled, accompanied by a class presentation, by students from the partner school to the Anatomy Museum, to explore the elaborate models and the rest of the museum's tactile collection. Based on this visit, it became evident that the use of three-dimensional tactile models as learning facilitators promotes, in addition to the inclusion of visually impaired people in regular classrooms, more dynamic learning for other students as well, as it encourages use and combination senses other than sight, such as touch and hearing.