Comparative studies are lacking to guide low-cost penetrating captive-bolt device (PCB) selection for on-farm cattle euthanasia. This study aimed to compare bolt penetration depth (BPD) of 3 such devices available in Canada. We hypothesized that the cheapest PCB would have a lower BPD than the higher cost PCBs tested.
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Frazer et al. (2024) studied this question.
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