Carotid Body Tumor: Characteristics and Surgical Outcome

Abstract Background Carotid body tumors are uncommon neuroendocrine growths near the carotid bifurcation. While some advocate preoperative embolization to minimize bleeding, others avoid it due to complications. This study shares the experience of a single center in managing patients with carotid body tumors without practicing preoperative embolization Methods This was a cross-sectional study of patients with carotid body tumors managed between 2020 and 2024. Data were collected from the hospital’s registry. Routine blood tests, neck ultrasonography, and computed tomography scans, when necessary, were conducted. The tumors were categorized according to Shamblin classification. The average duration of follow-up was 20 months. Results The study involved 25 patients, with 22 (88%) females and 3 (12%) males. Their ages ranged from 27 to 85 years old. Twenty (80%) cases presented with neck swelling, and six (24%) had positive medical history. Tumors were mainly on the right side (52%), with 20 (80%) showing ill-defined neck masses. Tumor sizes ranged from 1.5 to 7 cm, with Shamblin type II tumor being discovered in the majority of cases (72%). Types of tumors were significantly associated with the tumor size (p-value < 0.05). Blood transfusion was required in five cases (20%); three from type III and two from type II, with none from type I (p-value = 0.001). Temporary neurological deficits occurred in 3 cases (12%). No functional impairment or mortality was recorded. Conclusions Carotid body tumors are rare tumors with an unknown etiology. Operation without practicing preoperative embolization may be a feasible management with an acceptable outcome.