The ultrastructure of Treponema pallidum , the causative pathogen of syphilis, remains unclarified because of the difficulty of long-term culture in vitro . However, research on the ultrastructure of T. pallidum has made great progress in recent years with the success of long-term culture of T. pallidum in vitro and the development of gene sequencing technology and electron microscopy. This review summarizes the research progress on the ultrastructure of T. pallidum .
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Wang et al. (2024) studied this question.
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