Recycling of Waste Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) into Value-Added Platform Chemicals: Bioethanol and Bioethylene

A viable substitute for the urgent ecological and environmental problems in Nigeria associated with traditional crude oil (fossil fuels) is the use of bamboo biomass. The aim of this research is to address these issues by concentrating on the sustainable, abundant, and renewable source of cellulosic content—bamboo. Using the plentiful cellulose found in bamboo, the goal is to produce bio-ethanol, a biofuel recognized for its environmentally beneficial qualities and capacity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and bio-ethylene, which is a precursor to various bioplastics. Investing in attaining bamboo-derived platform bio-chemicals would help to mitigate the effects of climate change and reduce environmental pollution while also reducing dependency on finite fossil fuel resources. Physical, chemical, and biological pretreatments were employed to gain access to the cellulose component of the bamboo biomass for further processing. This involved pulverisation, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation procedures used in the process to transform cellulose derived from a species of bamboo, _Bamboo Vulgaris_, into bio-ethanol. NaOH and H2O2 were utilised to delignify the lignocellulose, and it was subsequently treated via separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) to attempt optimal depolymerisation of the cellulose structure. _Saccharomyces cerevisiae_ was the yeast for the fermentation of the realized glucose because of its efficiency to ferment glucose into bioethanol, before purification by fractional distillation. Finally, catalytic dehydration of the bioethanol was carried out to yield bio-ethylene gas.