Association of 24-hour movement behaviors and non-communicable diseases among adults of Udupi, Karnataka, India

Abstract Background Optimizing 24-hour movement behaviors (physical activity, sleep, and sedentary time) is crucial for prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the association between the aforementioned 24-hour movement behaviors and the risk of NCDs remains largely obscured in low-middle income countries. The present study aimed to explore the association between 24-hour movement behaviors and the occurrence of NCDs. Methods An online survey was administered among 310 community dwelling adults (age 34.3 ± 11.3 years) of coastal Karnataka, enquiring sociodemographic profiles, 24-hour movement behaviors (physical activity levels, sedentary time and sleep time) and presence of NCDs’. Linear and logistic regression models were employed to explore the association. Results While spending 7.5 hours (33%) on sleep, the respondents spend 30% (425 min/day) in LIPA, 19% (270 min/day) of typical day sedentary and 18% (264 min/day) of day involved in MVPA. Higher sleep time was associated with higher odds of NCDs (estimate, β = 0.20, odds ratio = 0.82, p = 0.025). Subgroup analyses showed age and body mass were positively associated with NCDs, while lower socio-economic status was associated with lower sitting time (β = -3.84, p = 0.009) and lower light physical activity time (-318.49, p = 0.018). Conclusion High 24-hour movement behaviors and lower odds of NCDs were found among inhabitants of Udupi. Higher age, body mass index and long sleep hours were associated with higher risk of NCDs. The study warrants the need of addressing body mass and sleep levels along with physical activity levels in the prevention of NCDs.