Current Status of Component Analysis of Urinary Calculi

Urinary calculi are prevalent urological disorders, and their prevalence is rising globally. Thus, early detection, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of stones are critical. Optical polarization microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, element distribution analysis, wet chemistry, thermogravimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and artificial intelligence are currently used to analyze the composition of urinary calculi. Stone composition analysis was utilized to estimate stone prognosis and recurrence, with the goal of improving stone prediction and prevention. This research is an important component of customized therapy and stone recurrence prevention, offering a new approach to clinical diagnosis and treatment of urinary calculi. This review focuses on the current research advances in the composition analysis of urinary calculi and its impact on the treatment and prevention choices for urinary calculi, as well as its value in clinical application.