Making Sense of Internal Divisions within the African National Congress and Democratic Alliance on the Eve of the 2024 South African General Election

The upcoming South African general election is likely to lead to significant changes in the transactional and contextual environments of South African political parties. The African National Congress (ANC) is a good example. It remains to be seen if Jacob Zuma can recapture the ANC from Cyril Ramaphosa or if he will be permanently expelled from the party for his support of the MK Party. Either way, there will likely be much greater clarity around whether Zuma counts as an internal or external actor in the aftermath of the election.