Pharmacotherapy in patients with acute and exacerbated chronic pyelonephritis

Urinary tract infections are one of the most common nosocomial infections. The most common cause of urinary tract infections worldwide is Escherichia coli – a Gram (-) bacterium that normally inhabits the human gastrointestinal tract. When the bacterium enters other organs and cavities, it can cause inflammation. Possible clinical cases of infection with E. coli range from asymptomatic bacteriuria, which does not always require special treatment, to acute pyelonephritis or exacerbated chronic pyelonephritis. Treatment is complex, with the choice of antibiotic playing a major role. The aim of the article is to show the positive effect of antibiotic treatment, mainly fluoroquinolones, in patients with urinary tract infections and clinical cases related to the diagnosis of pyelonephritis, treated at the Clinic of Internal Medicine in the Military Medical Academy in Sofia.