Unraveling Proteome Dynamics in Arabidopsis thaliana Seed-lings Under Moderate Heat Stress

The escalating threat of global warming endangers plant survival, significantly impacting their growth and productivity in agriculture. Unraveling how plants molecularly respond to heat stress is essential for breeding crops capable of enduring higher temperatures. In our research, we analyzed the proteome dynamics of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings exposed to moderate heat stress (30°C) through the use of 15N-stable isotope labeling combined with the ProteinTurnover algorithm. This method facilitated a detailed investigation of proteomic shifts across various cellular compartments. Our results demonstrated notable alterations in the turnover rates of 571 proteins, with a median increase of 1.4-fold, signifying intensified protein dynamics in response to heat stress. Subtle yet significant changes were observed in root soluble proteins, indicating tissue-specific adaptations. Additionally, we observed substantial turnover variations in proteins associated with redox sig-naling, stress response, and metabolism, elucidating the complexity of these adaptive mechanisms. Conversely, proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and mitochondrial ATP synthesis re-mained relatively stable, highlighting their resilience. This comprehensive analysis sheds light on the proteomic adjustments of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings under moderate heat stress, advancing our understanding of plant thermal resilience and aiding in the development of thermotolerant crop varieties.