Detection of M. tuberculosis Using Cartridge-Based Technology in Patients with Negative Sputum Microscopy Results in a Regional Laboratory

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Observational analysis reveals molecular genetic testing identifies tuberculosis in smear-negative cases, indicating rapid drug resistance detection.

Molecular genetic testing detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 37% of smear-negative patients, confirming diagnostic utility.
Rifampicin resistance appeared in 43 of 120 positive cases, with median time to multidrug-resistant therapy initiation of 18 days.
Analysis of registry records tracked smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients evaluated with Xpert MTB/RIF and BACTEC MGIT 960.
Findings support using molecular genetic testing as an initial diagnostic tool, though 22% of culture-positive cases were missed.

Eliseev et al. (2024) studied this question.

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Observational analysis reveals molecular genetic testing identifies tuberculosis in smear-negative cases, indicating rapid drug resistance detection.