Goniothalamin Isolated from Goniothalamus andersonii Improves Hematological and Biochemical Markers in Induced leukemia BALB/c Mice

The efficacy of goniothalamin, a styryl-lactone derivative as an alternative drug for leukemiatreatment has generated interest among natural products scientists. However, the studies ongoniothalamin treatment effects on serum biochemicals in relation to haematology have beenlacking. This study evaluated the effect of goniothalamin (GTN) isolated from Goniothalamusandersonii supplemented into induced leukemia BALB/c mice model to determine the serumbiochemicals and hematological markers changes post supplementation. The mice werecategorized into normal mice (NM), untreated leukemia (LM) and goniothalamin-treatedleukemia (GTN-LM) groups. Treated mice were supplemented with 40 mg goniothalamin per kgb.w. from day-14 and every alternate day until day-28. The present study showed that the enlargedspleen of leukemia mice was reduced toward normal dimension following GTN treatment.Besides, the serum biochemicals related to kidney and liver functions including urea (8.43 ± 0.85mmol/L), creatinine (20.33 ± 0.67 µmol/L), total bilirubin (1.78 ± 0.17 µmol/L), alaninetransaminase (ALT) (65.33 ± 23.51 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (245.00 ± 36.17U/L) of the GTN-LM group were found to be significantly different than LM group. Conversely,the insignificant difference of these biomarkers between GTN-LM and NM groups had indicatedthe improvement of leukemia toxicity to normal condition. The GTN-LM peripheral bloodcontaining lower immature granulocytes and monocytes as well as had higher apoptotic index(35%) as compared to LM signified that goniothalamin had induced the apoptotic cell death. Thus,this finding highlighted the potential of goniothalamin as an alternative medicine againstleukemia.