An Observational Study on Surgical Characteristics, Management Modalities and Short-Term Treatment Outcomes of Diabetic Foot Ulcers at a Tertiary Hospital

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are serious consequence of poorly controlled diabetes. DFUs are a therapeutic challenge in developing countries. This observational study aimed to analyse surgical characteristics, management modalities and short-term treatment outcomes of DFUs. Methods: This study was conducted on 155 patients. Data covering detailed history, management modalities and short-term outcomes were collected through an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Results: Mean age of patients is 58.32 ± 14.24 years, comprising 57.4% males. 54.8% patients belong in upper-lower class. 51.6% had diabetes for 5-10 years, 54.8% with very poor HbA1C > 10%. Ulcers involving the toes 34.8% and 82.6% ulcers were > 3 cm². Severe DFUs (Wagner grade 3-5) were seen in 75.4% of patients. Main intervention was surgical debridement. 37.4% suffered from SSI; revision amputation was done in 11.6% patients. Mean length of hospital stay 19 ± 12.1 days and mortality rate was 1.33%. Conclusion: Majority of patients had advanced DFUs. Larger prospective study should be done for proper management. Screening and proper evaluation can reduce complications.