Empyema necessitans (EN) is a rare complication of untreated pleural infection. Tuberculosis is the most common cause. It can be found in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, especially in endemic areas. Diagnosis can be challenging due to long duration and indefinite symptoms. Here, we present a case series of three patients with EN.
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Natraj et al. (2024) studied this question.
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