Возрастные Изменения В Иммунной Системе При Старении Организма

Due to global demographic changes, there is a need for a thorough study of the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of aging of the immune system. As we age, the immune system goes through a gradual process of decline known as immunosenescence. This process affects the composition and functions of all parts of the immune system - organs, cells and cytokines. Immunosenescence is a multifaceted and gradually developing process that reflects a long path of restructuring in the immune system throughout a person’s life. This review examines the details of immunosenescence and sheds light on age-related changes in the immune system, with an emphasis on changes in the adaptive immune system. Age-related changes in the immune system, including thymic involution, changes in B cell lineage, and decreased immune response to vaccination, contribute to increased susceptibility to infections and age-related diseases. Understanding the mechanisms underlying immunosenescence is critical to develop targeted interventions to support healthy aging and improve vaccine effectiveness in older adults.