Biomarkers Analysis of COVID-19 Patients: Lessons Learnt from the Deadly Pandemic

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) manifests as inflammation, leading to a raised level of associated biomarkers, which assists in risk stratification.We investigated the correlation between demography and biomarkers, namely, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, procalcitonin (PCT), and serum ferritin with prognosis among COVID-19 patients.Method: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted on COVID-19 patients amidst the second wave of the pandemic.IL-6, PCT, serum ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer levels were analyzed among patients diagnosed as COVID-positive by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Result: Out of 1663 patients included in this study, 65% were males, with the median age of the study population being 48 years.The mean levels of IL-6, ferritin, CRP, and PCT were significantly raised in the older age group (47-95 years) than the younger population (4-46 years), whereas D-dimer was found to be raised in all age groups.The mortality rate was 5% (median age-59 years), with males showing high severity and a mortality rate 67.4%. Conclusion:Evaluating and tracking the biomarkers at the outset of the disease has been proven to give a substantial edge in assessing disease prognosis and preventing mortality.Henceforth, they become the guiding force for management strategies in this era of precision medicine.