Prevalence and Impact of Ureaplasma urealyticum on Infertility

Background: Infertility is a significant global health issue, with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) identified as potential contributing factors. Ureaplasma urealyticum, a common urogenital bacterium, is implicated in various reproductive complications. This study investigates the prevalence and impact of U. urealyticum in infertility cases in Constantine, Algeria, focusing on both male and female patients. Methods: A combined prospective and retrospective analysis was conducted from 2020 to 2023, encompassing 480 samples from patients at a private medical laboratory. Samples were collected through endocervical and urethral swabs, as well as semen collection. The MYCOFAST RevolutioN ATB+ kit was utilized for the detection and analysis of U. urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis. Results: U. urealyticum was found to be the predominant pathogen, responsible for 99.41% of infections, while M. hominis accounted for only 0.59%. The infection rate was higher in men compared to women, with a male/female ratio of 1.2. The most affected age group was 34-44 years. Despite the overall lower prevalence of positive cases (35.62%), the study highlights the necessity for continued vigilance and preventive measures against STIs. Conclusion: The study identifies U. urealyticum as the primary species responsible for urogenital infections in both men and women in the studied population. The findings underscore the importance of STI monitoring and preventive strategies, even in regions with relatively lower prevalence rates. The use of the MYCOFAST RevolutioN ATB+ kit proved effective in the rapid detection of these pathogens, facilitating further etiological and epidemiological research. Ongoing research is essential to enhance understanding and develop interventions to mitigate the impact of Ureaplasma infections on reproductive health.