Three undescribed dihydrostilbene glycosides from leaves of Camellia oleifera Abel. And their anti-inflammatory activity

•The phytochemical investigation on the leaves of C. oleifera resulted in the discovery of twelve compounds, including three undescribed ones, oleiferaside A (1), oleiferaside B (2), and oleiferaside C (3), as well as nine known natural products (4-12).•The tested compounds 1-4 have inhibitory effects of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production with no cytotoxicity, indicating that these compounds may possess the potential anti-inflammatory activity. Three previously unidentified dihydrostilbene glycosides, named oleiferaside A (1), oleiferaside B (2), and oleiferaside C (3), were discovered through a phytochemical exploration on Camellia oleifera Abel. leaves. Additionally, nine known secondary metabolites (4-12) were also identified. The undescribed secondary metabolites 1-3 were elucidated as 3,5-dimethoxydihydrostilbene 4′-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranoside, 3,5-dimethoxydihydrostilbene 4′-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranoside and 3,5-dimethoxydihydrostilbene 4′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranoside, respectively. HR-MS and NMR spectroscopy were utilized for determining the structures of the isolates. The natural products were assessed for their anti-inflammatory effect using RAW264.7 macrophage stimulated by LPS. The findings demonstrated that compounds 1-4 exhibited inhibitory activities on NO and PGE2 production without causing cytotoxicity. These observations suggest that these compounds may have potential anti-inflammatory properties. Three previously unidentified dihydrostilbene glycosides, named oleiferaside A (1), oleiferaside B (2), and oleiferaside C (3), were discovered through a phytochemical exploration on Camellia oleifera Abel. leaves. Additionally, nine known secondary metabolites (4-12) were also identified. The undescribed secondary metabolites 1-3 were elucidated as 3,5-dimethoxydihydrostilbene 4′-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranoside, 3,5-dimethoxydihydrostilbene 4′-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranoside and 3,5-dimethoxydihydrostilbene 4′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranoside, respectively. HR-MS and NMR spectroscopy were utilized for determining the structures of the isolates. The natural products were assessed for their anti-inflammatory effect using RAW264.7 macrophage stimulated by LPS. The findings demonstrated that compounds 1-4 exhibited inhibitory activities on NO and PGE2 production without causing cytotoxicity. These observations suggest that these compounds may have potential anti-inflammatory properties.