In this work, we review the challenges of data scarcity and label inefficiency in deep learning and survey efforts to overcome these challenges. Many label-efficient learning methods have been proposed, but there is still room to develop more effective methods. We introduce potential yet promising directions to achieve label-efficient learning in terms of data, learning methods, and efficient use of prior knowledge. We also present case studies involving the latest methods.
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Moon et al. (2024) studied this question.
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