Performance Analysis of Bismuth-Based CsBi3I10 Tandem Perovskite Solar Cell

With the ever-increasing energy demands, the quest for renewable energy has led to the exploration of inorganic perovskite solar cells having a higher efficiency of more than 25.5%. The full solar spectrum is exploited to achieve a higher power conversion efficiency to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit. Using SCAPS-1D, this work simulates single and tandem solar cells. This simulation features a CsBi3I10 perovskite absorber layer sandwiched between the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). The standalone cell achieved a Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of 21.6%, a fill factor of 82.2%, Jsc of 20.9 mA/cm2 , and Voc of 1.25 V. To bypass the Shockley-Queisser limit, the solar cell is integrated into the crystalline silicon solar cell by mechanically stacking on top of each other. Tandem cells achieved a power conversion efficiency of 30.8%, higher than a single cell. The paper discusses the impact of choosing different combinations of ETL and HTL layers. According to the simulation, CuSbS2 and SnO2 are the best combinations for HTL and ETL. Apart from single and tandem cell performance analysis, the paper explores the effect of the absorber layer's thickness, bandgap, and defect density, along with ETL and HTL thickness. A Tandem solar cell with CsBi3I10 and the efficiency by the tandem configuration is 30.8% (FF=77.69%, Jsc=13.5 mA/cm2 , Voc=1.77 V).